India Mein Kitne State Hai? – India Ke Rajya aur Rajdhani Ki Jankari Hindi Mein

vanant

hapuram

neswar

• Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh kee poorv Rajdhani thee jiski jagah 22 October 2015 Amravati ne le.

• Amravati ka Buddha Stupa India ka sabse bada Stupa hai jiski height 27 meter, aur vyaas 50 meter hai. Aur, Amravati ke gahare Buddhist sambandh ke kaaran, designers ne Amravati uchch nyaayaalay (High Court) ko ek Buddha Stupa kee tarah design kiya.

• Amravati mega project kee samay-seema ke anusaar, Andhra Pradesh kee rajdhani, Amravati keval 2024 tak aabaad aur kaaryaatmak hogee. aur iss project ka teesara aur antim charan 2029 tak poora hone kee ummeed hai.

Arunachal Pradesh poorvottar (Northeast) mein India ka sabse bada rajya hai, aur Itanagar,Arunachal Pradesh kee staphana se pehle se, yaani 20 April, 1974 se Arunachal Pradesh kee Rajdhani raha hai.

Dispur Guwahati ka ek ilaaka ya upnagar hai, isalie Guwahati ko aksar Assam ki Rajdhani ke roop mein bhi jaana jaata hai. Praarambh mein, Shillong Assam ki Rajdhani thee, lekin 1972 mein ise Dispur se badal diya gaya.

• Patna, Bihar rajya ka sabse bada shahar, 19 vaan sabse adhik aabaadee vaala, aur Bharat ka paanchavaan sabse tejee se badhne vaala shahar hai. Sone, Gandak, and Punpun sahit kaee nadiyon ka sthaan hone ke kaaran, Patna duniya ke sabse bade nadee vaale shahar ke roop mein bhi jaana jaata hai.

• 1912 mein, Patna british praant Orissa aur Bihar kee rajdhani bana jab tak ki 1935 mein Orissa ek alag rajya nahin ban gaya.

• Mahatama Gandhi ke sabse ullekhaneey satyaagrah aandolan arthaat Indigo plantation ke khilaaph Champaran aandolan aur 1942 ka Bharat Chorro aandolan, Bihar ke Patna shahar se shuroo kiya gaya tha.

Raipur Chhattisgarh kee poorv rajdhani thee. Raipur shahar 9th shataabdee (9th Century) se astitv mein hai. Poorv Pradhaanmantri Atal Bihari Vajpayee kee yaad mein Chhattisgarh kee naee rajdhani Raipur ka naam badalakar Atal Nagar kar diya jaega. Chhattisgarh ke mukhyamantri Raman Singh ne 21 August, 2018 ko ye ghoshana kee thee.

• Svatantrata ke baad, Bharatiye sena ne Panaji sahit Goa par hamala kiya aur 1961 mein Purtagaalee niyantran ko ukhaad phenka. Iske baad, Goa ko ek Kendr Shaasit Pradesh (Union Territory) ke roop mein Bharat mein mila diya gaya. Baad mein, ise 1987 mein Panaji ko Goa kee Rajdhani ke roop mein Bharat ke rajya ke roop mein ghoshit kar diya gaya.

• Panaji ko angrejee mein “Panjim”, Konkani mein “Ponnji”, aur Purtagaalee mein “Pongim” ke naam se bhee jaana jaata hai.

• 1960 mein, Bharatiye rajya Bombay ko do rajyaon, Maharashtra aur Gujarat mein vibhaajit kiya gaya tha. Mumbai shahar Maharashtra ko de diya gaya, aur Gujarat ke pas uss samay koi rajdhani nahi thi. Phir, Ahmedabad ko nav nirmit rajya Gujarat kee pehlee rajdhani ke roop mein chuna gaya.

• Gandhinagar ka naam hamare raashtrapita “Gandhi Ji” ke naam par rakha gaya tha.

1947 mein Bharat ke vibhaajan ke saath, Punjab ka puraana British praant do bhaagon mein vibhaajit ho gaya tha. Punjab kee Rajdhani Lahore sahit bada pashchimee bhaag Pakistan ka hissa ban gaya, aur poorvee bhaag Bharat ko diya gaya. Vibhaajan ke turant baad nae Bharatiye Punjab kee Rajdhani ke lie ek upayukt sthaan khojane kee yojanaen shuroo kee gayi. Bharat sarakaar ne kaee vikalpon par vichaar karne ke baad 1948 mein Chandigarh ko Haryana kee rajdhani ke roop mein chuna.

• Jammu aur Kashmir akela aisa rajya nahin hai jiski ab do rajdhaniyaan hain. 2017 mein, Dharamshala ko Himachal Pradesh kee sheetakaaleen rajdhani (winter capital) ke roop mein ghoshit kiya gaya tha, jisaka arth hai ki do rajdhani honi, sardiyon mein Dharamshala, aur garmiyon mein Shimla.

• Dharamshala Tibetan aadhyaatmik guru Dalai Lama ka hometown bhee hai.

• Jharkhand duniya ke sabse jyada khanij ki uplabadhta vaale kshetron mein se ek hai aur Bharat ke khanij ka 40 pratishat, aur coal 29 pratishat bhandaar samete hue hai.

• Coking coal, uranium, aur pyrite ka utpaadan karne vaala Jharkhand Bharat ka ekamaatr rajya hai.

• Bangalore, aadhikaarik taur par Bengaluru ke roop mein jaana jaata hai, jo dakshin Bharatiye rajya, Karnataka kee rajdhani hai. 1947 mein Bharat kee svatantrata ke baad, Bengaluru Mysore rajya kee rajdhani ban gaya, aur 1956 mein Karnataka ke nae Bharatiye rajya ke gathan tak iskee rajdhani bana raha.

• India ke leading IT niryaatak ke roop mein apnee bhoomika ke kaaran Bengaluru ko Bharat kee “Silicon Valley” ke roop mein bhee jaana jaata hai. ISRO, INFOSYS, aur WIPRO jaise Bharatiye takaneekee sangathanon ka mukhyaalay Bengaluru mein sthit hai.

Thiruvananthapuram, jise pehle Trivandrum ke naam se jaana jaata tha, Kerala rajya kee rajdhani hai. Yah svachchh shahar saat pahaadiyon par bana hai, jise Thiru-Anantha-Puram kaha jaata hai, jisaka arth hai Bhagwan Anant ka shahar.

• Bhopal kee sthaapana 11th shataabdee (11th century) mein Raaja Bhoj (King Bhoja) ne kee thee. Is prakaar shahar ka naam “Bhoj-pal” rakha gaya aur baad mein ise Bhopal ke naam se jaana jaane laga.

• Vibhinn praakrtik aur krtrim jheelon ke lie Bhopal ko “jheelon ke shahar” ke roop mein bhee jaana jaata hai. Bhopal jheel, jise upper lake ke roop mein jaana jaata hai, Bharat kee sabse puraanee maanav nirmit (man-made) jheel hai.

• Mumbai ko pehle 1995 tak Bombay ke naam se jaana jaata tha. Mumbai Bharat kee vitteey (financial), vaanijyik (commercial), aur manoranjan (entertainment) ki rajdhani hai.

• Yah vaishvik vitteey pravaah ke maamale mein duniya ke sheersh das vaanijy kendron (Top 10 commerce centers) mein se ek hai, jo Bharat ke sakal ghareloo utpaad (GDP) ka 6.16% paida karta hai.

• Imphal mein “Ima Keithal” baajaar shaayad duniya ka ekamaatr mahilaon dvaara sanchaalit baajaar hai. Manipuri mein Ima ka arth hai “maa” aur keithal ka arth “baajaar” hai, isalie ise “Mother’s Market” ke naam se jaana jaata hai.

• 500 saal puraane is baazaar mein keval vivaahit mahilaon ko hee vyaapaar karne aur dukaan chalaane kee anumati hai, yah ek aisa vishesh aadhikaar (privilege) hai jo Manipuri mahilaon kee ek peedhee se doosaree peedhee ko diya jaata hai.

Meghalaya kee rajdhani Shillong ikalauta aisa Hill Station hai jahaan har taraph se pahuncha ja sakta hai. 1874 mein, yah British shaasan ke tahat samagr Assam kee rajdhani ban gaya. 1972 mein ek svatantr rajya ke roop mein Meghalaya ke gathan ke baad Shillong iski rajdhani bana.

Aizawl Mizoram ka raajaneetik aur saanskrtik kendr hai. State Legislature Aizawl mein sthit hai. Yah rajya ka commercial hub bhee hai aur sabhi commercial aur economical gatividhiyaan issi shahar ke aasapaas kendrit hain.

Kohima Angami Naga janajaati kee bhoomi hai. Kohima ka naam, aadhikaarik taur par angrejon dvaara diya gaya tha kyonki ve Angami naam Kewhima ya Kewhira ka uchchaaran nahin kar sakte the, jo Kewhi phoolon se aata hai, jo pahaadon mein chaaron or pae jaate hain. Pehle Kohima ko Thigoma ke naam se bhee jaana jaata tha.

1948 mein, Bhubaneswar ne Cuttack ko Odisha kee rajdhani ke roop mein badal diya. Ise lokapriy roop se Bharat ke mandir shahar “Temple City of India” ke roop mein bhee jaana jaata hai.

Chandigarh ko ek kendr shaasit pradesh (Union Territory) ke roop mein 1 November, 1966 ko gathit kiya gaya tha. Haryana aur Punjab ke beech basse, Chandigarh shahar ko donon rajyaon aur kendr shaasit pradesh kee saajha rajdhani banaaya gaya tha.

Gulaabee rang kee imaaraton ke kaaran Jaipur ko Rajasthan ka gulaabee shahar “Pink City of Rajasthan” kaha jaata hai. Yah 18th shataabdee mein Raja Sawai Jai Singh II dvaara banaaya gaya tha aur yah Bharat ka pahala niyojit shahar tha.

Gangtok naam Tibetan se liya gaya hai, jiska arth hai ‘hilltop’ ya ‘top of the hill’, jiska Hindi me arth hai pahaad ki choti. Monasteries, Tibet vigyaan kendron, aur dhaarmik shikshan sansthaanon kee upasthiti ke saath, Gangtok Tibetan Bauddh sanskrti ka ek prasiddh kendr hai.

• Chennai, jise pehle Madras Patnam ke naam se jaana jaata tha, 380 saal puraana sahar hai. 1639 mein ek banjar ilaake se, ek pramukh audyogik, vyaapaar aur saanskrtik kendr ban gaya.

• Chennai Corporation jise shuroo mein Madras Nagar Nigam kaha jaata tha, 1688 mein sthaapit Bharat ka sabse puraana nagar nigam hai.

2 joon 2014 ko Telangana ko Bharat ke 29th rajya ke roop mein gathit kiya gaya tha. 2015 tak Hyderabad, Telangana aur Andhra Pradesh kee sanyukt rajdhani thee. Ab, Hyderabad keval Telangana kee rajdhani hai.

Agartala do shabdon ka ek ghatak hai – “Agar”, ek prakaar ka sugandhit vrksh aur “Tala”, ek godaam. 2011 kee janaganana ke anusaar Agartala mein saaksharata ka pratishat (literacy rate) 93.88% tha, jo raashtreey saaksharata dar se adhik tha.

Lucknow ko “Nawabon ka shahar” ya angreji mein “City of Nawabs” ke naam se jaana jaata hai. Ise poorv ke Golden City, Shiraz-i-Hind aur  Constantinople of India ke roop mein bhee jaana jaata hai. Lucknow 1857 ke svatantrata sangraam (epicenter of the war of Independence) ka kendr tha.

Dehradun ka ullekh Ramayan aur Mahabharat mein praacheen pauraanik kathaon mein milta hai, jo ise Bharat ke sabse puraane shaharon mein se ek banaata hai. Dehradun ko Guru Drona ka dhaam bhee kaha jaata hai. Dehradun mein Central Braille Press Bharat mein Braille paathyapustakon (aise pushtak jo log dekh nahi sakte unke liye hoti hai) ka sabse bada utpaadak hai.

• 1911 tak, Bharat mein British shaasan ke dauraan apne vyaapaarik mahatv ke kaaran Kolkata Bharat kee rajdhani thee. Baad mein Delhi ko Bharat kee rajdhani banaaya gaya.

• 2001 mein shahar ka naam aadhikaarik taur par Calcutta se Kolkata mein badal diya gaya tha. Kolkata duniya ke sabse kam shaharon mein se ek hai jisane tram kee parampara ko barakaraar rakha hai. Haalaanki, Tram dheere-dheere itihaas banne ke oor badh raha hain, lekin ye abhi bhi anya shaharon ke yaatriyon sahit kaee logon ko aakarshit karta hai.

• Kolkata Bharat mein haath se kheenche jaane vaale rickshaw vaala ekamaatr shahar hai.

• India ke laal rang ke 20 rupaye ke note par Andaman aur Nicobar Islands ke praakrtik drshy ko darshaaya gaya hai.

• Duniya ka sabse bada samudree kachhua (sea turtle), Dermocheleys Coriacea, Andaman aur Nicobar Islands mein ghonsala banaata hai.

• Bharat mein ekamaatr sakriy jvaalaamukhee Andaman mein maujood hai.

Chandigarh ka naam “Chandi” mandir ke mandir ke naam par pada hai. Devata “Chandi”, shakti kee devee aur mandir se pare gadh ke ek kile ne shahar ko devee “Chandi” ka gadh naam diya, jisko vastav mein Chandigarh kaha jata hai.

• Dadra aur Nagar Haveli pashchimee tat ke paas sthit hai aur isamen do alag-alag hisse hain. Dadra Gujarat rajya se ghira hua hai, aur Nagar Haveli Maharashtra aur Gujarat kee seemaon par sthit hai.

• Yah 1779 tak ek Purtagaalee upanivesh tha, aur 1954 mein svatantr Bharat ka hissa ban gaya.

• Goa ke kshetr, Daman aur Diu ko 1987 tak ek kendr shaasit pradesh (UT) ke roop mein prashaasit kiya gaya tha, jab Goa ko rajya ka darja diya gaya tha, Daman aur Diu ko ek alag kendr shaasit pradesh (UT) ke roop mein chorr diya gaya tha.

• Vartamaan mein, Dadra aur Nagar Haveli ka Bharatiye sansad ke donon sadanon mein pratinidhitv hai.

• Silvassa mein Dudhni jheel ko pashchim ka Kashmir kaha jaata hai.

New Delhi Bharat sarakaar kee rajdhani aur kendr ke saath-saath raashtreey rajdhani kshetr Delhi ka kendr bhee hai. 1991 mein sanvidhaan adhiniyam ne kendr shaasit pradesh (UT) Delhi ko raashtreey rajdhani kshetr Delhi mein badal diya.

• Ladakh Bharat ka sabase bada aur doosara sabase kam aabaadee vaala kendr shaasit pradesh (Union Territory) hai.

• Tibet aur Ladakhee naam “La-dwags” ka arth hai “Uchch Darron kee Bhoomi”, ya “The Land of High Passes”.

• Ladakh kshetr ko pehle “Maryul” ke naam se jaana jaata tha.

• Madhyakaaleen Islamic vidvaan Ladakh ko “Mahaan Tibet” ke naam se bulaate the.

• Kavaratti island INS Deeprakashak ka base hai, jo ek mahatvapoorn Bharatiye nausena base hai.

• Kavaratti 1980 ke dashak se ek mahatvapoorn Bharatiye nausena base raha hai. Haalaanki, INS Deeprakashak ko varsh 2012 mein Bharatiye Nausena mein laya gaya tha.

• Jammu aur Kashmir 2017 tak do rajdhani shaharon vaala ekamaatr rajya tha. Jammu aur Kashmir mein, har saal sachivaalay aur anya sabhee sarakaaree kaaryaalayon ko Srinagar se Jammu aur iske vipareet sthaanaantarit kiya jaata hai.

• Is dvi-vaarshik (bi-annual) paaree ko “Darbar Move” ke roop mein jaana jaata hai. May se October tak, sabhee sarakaaree kaaryaalay Srinagar mein sthit hain jo rajya kee “Summer Capital” hai aur November se April tak, kaaryaalay Jammu mein sthit hain jo rajya kee “Winter Capital” hai.

• Jammu aur Kashmir uchch nyaayaalay bhee sardiyon mein Srinagar se Jammu aur garmiyon mein Jammu se Srinagar shift kiya jaata hai.

• Pehle is kshetr ka naam Pondicherry tha, phir 20 September 2006 ko ise badalakar Puducherry kar diya gaya.

• Puducherry ko “White Town” ke roop mein jaana jaata hai.

• Puducherry 16 August ko svatantrata divas manaata hai, jabaki baakee desh ise 15 August ko manaate hain.

• Puducherry kee poorv rajdhani Madras thee.