Top 10 Sabse Amir Desh Ki List – Janiye Duniya Ke Top 10 Sabse Amir Desh Kaun Se Hain
Duniya mein jitna adhik dhan paida hota hai, uska adhikaansh hissa duniya ke sabse amir desh ke logon mein kendrit hota hai. Deshon ka sanyukt sakal ghareloo utpaad (Gross Domestic Product, GDP) lagabhag $116.7 Trillion hai aur us dhan ka lagabhag $93 Trillion hissa sirph 25 deshon mein kendrit hai. Is lekh mein, ham janenge ki Duniya Ke Top 10 Sabse Amir Desh Kaun Se Hain.
Luxembourg, Singapore, aur Switzerland jaise kuchh bahut chhote aur samrddh deshon ko parishkrt vitteey kshetron aur kar vyavastha se laabh hota hai jo videshee nivesh aur peshevar pratibha ko aakarshit karane mein madad karate hain. Brunei, Kuwait, aur Qatar jaise anya deshon ke paas hydrocarbon ya anya aakarshak praakrtik sansaadhanon ka bada bhandaar hai.
Macao, jise Asia ka jua adda bhi kaha jata hai, duniya ka doosara sabse samrddh raajy hai. Norway aur United Arab Emirates (UAE) jaise apekshaakrt kam aabaadee vaale bade desh, do anya tel aur gas samrddh desh hain jo Duniya Ke Top 10 Sabse Amir Desh ki List mein bhee hain.
Sakal Ghareloo Utpaad (GDP) ek raashtr mein utpaadit sabhee vastuon aur sevaon ke mooly ko maapata hai. Kisee bhee desh kee GDP ko uss desh ke nivaasiyon kee sankhya se vibhaajit karna yah nirdhaarit karane ka ek behatar tareeka hai ki kisee desh kee aabaadee doosare ke saapeksh kitanee amir ya gareeb hai.
GDP kisee desh ya kshetr kee arthavyavastha ke aakaar ko maapane ke lie maanak vidhi ho sakatee hai, lekin yah us raashtr dvaara utpann sabhee dhan ke ke lie jimmedaar nahin hai. Kisee desh ke aarthik utpaadan ka ek adhik sateek sanketak isakee sakal raashtreey aay ya Gross National Income (GNI) hai. Yah upaay anya deshon mein sanchaalit raashtreey-svaamitv vaalee sansthaon dvaara banaee gaee sampatti ke alaava ek raashtr ke bheetar sabhee aarthik gatividhiyon ko darshaata hai.
Top 10 Sabse Amir Desh List in Hindi
Aaiye ab ham dekhte hain ki Duniya Ke Top 10 Sabse Amir Desh Kaun Se Hain, in deshon kee janasankhya kitni hai, jeevan pratyaasha, GNI, aur GDP ke saath-saath un desh se jude kuchh any mahatvapoorn tathyon ke baare mein bhi charcha karenge.
10. Switzerland
| GNI per capita | $58,138 |
| 2017 GDP | $490.2 billion (37th out of 196 countries) |
| Aabaadee | 8.5 million |
| Life Expectancy (Janm Ke Samay) | 83.6 years |
Duniya ke sabse amir deshon mein se ek, Switzerland mein prati vyakti GNI $58,138 hai. Haalaanki Switzerland kee arthavyavastha kaaphee vividhataapoorn hai, lekin sone ke niryaat (gold export) mein isaka sabase bada hissa hai. 2017 mein desh ke niryaat mein 285 Billion Dollars ka lagabhag ek chauthaee hissa sone mein tha. 8.5 Million se kam logon ki aabadi ka apekshaakrt chhota desh hone ke baavajood, Switzerland un deshon mein se ek hai jo duniya ke sone ke bade hisse ko niyantrit karta hai.
Switzerland aanshik roop se anusandhaan aur vikaas mein GDP ke 3.4% ke baraabar nivesh karake aarthik vikaas ko chalaane ke lie navaachaar (innovation) par nirbhar karta hai jo duniya mein teesaree sabase badee dar hai.
Switzerland apanee banking, beema sevaon aur paryatan (tourism) ke saath-saath pharmaceuticals utpaadon, ratnon aur keematee dhaatuon, upakaranon aur masheenaree (ghadiyon se lekr chikitsa moolyaankan aur computer tak) ke niryaat ke lie bahut adhik dhan ka maalik hai. Vaastav mein yah aashchary kee baat hai ki Switzerland mein duniya ke sabase jyaada crorepati hain. Pratyek 100,000 nivaasiyon ke lie, unamen se 9,428 arabapati shaamil hain, kul vayask aabaadee ko dekhate hue kul ka 11.8%.
9. Kuwait
| GNI per capita | $72,872 |
| 2017 GDP | $271.1 billion (57th out of 196 countries) |
| Aabaadee | 4.1 million |
| Life Expectancy (Janm Ke Samay) | 74.8 years |
Kuwait ke adhikaansh kshetr arab registaan mein shaamil hain. 1938 mein Kuwait me tel ko khoja gaya tha. Kuwait duniya ke kul bhandaar ka 6% hissa banaata hai. Tel udyog aaj Kuwait ke GDP ka lagabhag 40% aur isake niryaat ka 90% se adhik hai. Lagabhag 4.1 Million (jinamen se 3 Million dusre desh ke log hain) kee aabaadee ke saath shaharee kshetron mein lagabhag pooree tarah se kendrit hai. Haalaanki, haal ke varshon mein darj kie gae tel kee keematon mein aitihaasik giraavat ne bahut amir Kuwaitiyon ko chinta me dal diya hai. 2015 mein, sarakaar ne ek dashak se adhik samay mein pahale budget ghaate kee ghoshana kee.
Tab se desh ne kaee kshetron mein 100% videshee svaamitv (foreign ownership) kee anumati dekar apanee arthavyavastha mein vividhata laane ke lie kadam uthaaya hai aur niveshakon ko vibhinn tax break kee peshakash kee hai. Haalaanki, videshee shramikon kee baat karen to yah kahaanee pooree tarah se alag hai. Mahaamaaree dvaara laee gaee aarthik anishchitata ka saamana karate hue, National Assembly ne haal hee mein sthaaneey logon ke beech naukariyon kee badhatee maang ke parinaamasvaroop unakee sankhya ko kaafi kam karane ke lie ek bill pass kiya hai.
8. United Arab Emirates
| GNI per capita | $67,758 |
| 2017 GDP | $632.6 billion (31st out of 196 countries) |
| Aabaadee | 9.4 million |
| Life Expectancy (Janm Ke Samay) | 77.4 years |
Krishi, machhalee pakadane aur moti (pearls) ka business United Arab Emirates ka aarthik mukhy aadhaar hua karate the. Phir 1950 ke dashak mein tel kee khoj huee aur sab kuchh badal gaya. Aaj, UAE ki atyadhik aabaadee bahut amir hai, paaramparik islaamik vaastukala, bade shopping centers ke sath yahan naukri ki talaash meinduniya bhar se log aate hain. UAE ki kul aabadi ke bas 20% log he yahan janme hain, baaki 80% logon ki aabadi bahri kshetron se hai.
United Arab Emirates kee arthavyavastha bhee tejee se vividh ho rahee hai. Paramparaagat roop se pramukh hydrocarbon kshetr ke baahar, vyaapaar aur vitt, saath hee nirmaan aur paryatan, pramukh udyog hain. Haalaanki, is saal, COVID-19 mahaamaaree ke kaaran, isake samudr tat aur hotel khaalee rahenge. Yah shahar bahuprateekshit Dubai World Expo ka aayojan karane vaala tha, ab tak ke sabase bade aayojan mein 25 million videshee logon ke aane kee ummeed thee,lekin mahamaari ki vajeh se ise agale saal ke lie sthagit karana pada.
7. Norway
| GNI per capita | $67,529 |
| 2017 GDP | $342.8 billion (48th out of 196 countries) |
| Aabaadee | 5.3 million |
| Life Expectancy (Janm Ke Samay) | 82.5 years |
Norway Europe ka sheersh petroleum utpaadak desh hai, aur isne badhatee petroleum keematon se dashakon tak laabhaanvit kiya hai. Lekin, vaishvik mahamaari failne ke baad, petrol ki keematon mein bhaari girawat aa gayi aur iss vajeh se desh ko bhari jhatke ka samna karna pada.
Aaj, yah niryaat-nirbhar arthavyavastha vaishvik vitteey sankat ke baad pehli mandee ka saamana kar rahee hai. Kya isaka matalab hai ki Norway garib ho jayega? shaayad nahin. June mein, byaaj daron ko shoony karane ke kuchh hee haphton baad, desh ke kendreey bank ke governor ne kaha ki vah utpaadakata mein pratikshep kee gati aur taakat se hairaan hain.
Norwayjiyan hamesha duniya ke sabase bade $ 1.2 Trillion samprabhu dhan nidhi par bharosa kar sakate hain. Itna hee nahin, ve jaanate hain ki itne saare dhan ke saath badi jimmedaaree aatee hai. Kaee anya samrddh deshon ke vipareet, uchch prati vyakti GDP aankade vaastav mein logon kee vitteey bhalaee ka pratibimb hain. Norway mein duniya mein sabase kam aay asamaanata antaraal (lowest income gaps) mein se ek hai.
Iske alaava, Norway mein duniya ke sabase achchhe svaasthy parinaam hain. Desh kee jeevan pratyaasha (life expectancy) 82.5 varsh hai. Aur, maatrtv mrtyu dar, aur paanch saal se kam umr ke bachchon ke lie bachapan mrtyu dar bhi sabase kam hai.
6. Ireland
| GNI per capita | $52,755 |
| 2017 GDP | $320.2 billion (50th out of 196 countries) |
| Aabaadee | 4.8 million |
| Life Expectancy (Janm Ke Samay) | 82.0 years |
Kuchh samay pahale tak, Ireland ajey lag raha tha. Jabaki shesh Europe sabhee prakaar kee anishchitataon ka saamana kar raha tha jaise Brexit, America ke saath vyaapaar tanaav, pravaasee sankat,aadi. Lekin, in sabhi anishchitataon ke bawajood bhi Irish arthavyavastha me tarraki hoti rahi.
Ireland niryaat par bahut adhik nirbhar karata hai. Ireland ke sheersh niryaat rasaayan (chemicals) hote hain, jaise packed davaiyaan. Iska niryaat vaastav mein isake sakal ghareloo utpaad (GDP) se adhik hai, jo keval saat anya deshon mein hai. Ireland ka niryaat 320 Billion Dollar se adhik kee GDP se lagabhag 20% adhik hai.
2019 mein, isane European mahaadveep par sabase tejee se badhate desh ke roop mein ek bhoomika nibhaee. 5 million se kam nivaasiyon ka desh, Ireland, vaishvik mandee ke kaaran ise bahut kathaniye ka samana karna pada. Saarvajanik kshetr kee majaduree mein tej katautee aur apane banking udyog ke punargathan sahit kuchh raajaneetik roop se kathin sudhaar upaayon ke baad, Ireland ne apane raajakosheey svaasthy ko phir se haasil kiya, apanee rojagaar dar ko badhaaya aur apane prati vyakti sakal ghareloo utpaad (GDP) ko apane vartamaan staron ke lagabhag doguna hote dekha.
5. Brunei Darussalam
| GNI per capita | $76,427 |
| 2017 GDP | $30.8 billion (125th out of 196 countries) |
| Aabaadee | 428,697 |
| Life Expectancy (Janm Ke Samay) | 77.4 years |
Petroleum 2017 mein Brunei ke niryaat ka 90% se adhik ke lie jimmedaar tha. Moolyavaan sansaadhanon ke apane dhan ke parinaamasvaroop, apekshaakrt chhota dakshin poorv Asia desh duniya ka sabase dhanee ban gaya hai, jisamen GNI prati vyakti $76,000 se adhik hai. Desh ke naagarikon ko tax ka bhugataan nahin karana padata hai aur phir bhee saarvajanik kshetr dvaara pradaan kee jaane vaalee udaar sevaon ka aanand lete hain.
Halanki, iss desh mein bhi apanee aarthik aur saamaajik samasyen hai. Sharia kaanoon ke tahat kaam karate hue, naagarikon ko vyabhichaar ke lie pattharabaajee kee ja sakatee hai aur choree jaise aparaadhon ke lie hath kaat diya jaata hai. Is Duniya Ke Top 10 Sabse Amir Desh ki list mein Brunei kee berojagaaree dar (9.2%) sabase jyaada hai, jabaki duniya bhar mein berojagaaree kee dar 5% se kam hai.
Haalaanki, yah anumaan lagaaya gaya hai ki isakee 450,000 aabaadee mein se 40% ek varsh mein 1,000 dolar se kam kamaate hain. Saubhaagy se, desh ko Coronavirus mahaamaaree ke sabase kharaab prabhaav se jujhna nahi pada. July mein, sankraman ke koee bhee nae maamale do maheene se adhik samay tak darj nahin kie gae the. Brunei ke vitt aur arthavyavastha mantraalay ne kaha ki varsh kee pahalee timaahee mein jahan adhikaansh anya raashtr pahale se hee mandee mein phisal rahe the, Brunei ke arthavyavastha mein 2.4% kee vrddhi huee thee.
4. Singapore
| GNI per capita | $82,503 |
| 2017 GDP | $480.0 billion (39th out of 196 countries) |
| Aabaadee | 5.6 million |
| Life Expectancy (Janm Ke Samay) | 82.9 years |
1965 mein jab Singapore svatantr hua, us samay isakee aadhee aabaadee nirakshar (illiterate) thee. Vastutah koee praakrtik sansaadhan nahin hone ke kaaran, Singapore ne kadee mehanat aur hoshiyaari ke maadhyam se apne aap ko upar laya, aur duniya mein sabase adhik vyaapaar ke anukool sthaanon mein se ek ban gaya. Aaj, Singapore ek sampann vyaapaar, vinirmaan aur vitteey kendr hai (yahaan tak ki sabase mahatvapoorn 97% vayask aabaadee ab saakshar (literate) hai). Yah kahana galat hoga ki yah vaishvik mandee ke prabhaavon se Singapore mukt raha hai. Varsh kee doosaree timaahee mein arthavyavastha ne record 41% kee giraavat darj kee, jo desh mein ek dashak mein pahalee baar mandee kee or badh raha hai.
Singapore duniya mein integrated circuit, ya microchips ka sabase bada vikreta hai. Ye circuit Singapore ka 36% niryaat karata hai. Jaisa ki yah praudyogikee ke niryaat par bahut adhik nirbhar karata hai, Singapore ek badee raashi ka nivesh anusandhaan aur vikaas mein karta hai, jisaka mooly sakal ghareloo utpaad (GDP) ka 2.2% hai.
3. Luxembourg
| GNI per capita | $65,101 |
| 2017 GDP | $55.5 billion (104th out of 196 countries) |
| Aabaadee | 596,336 |
| Life Expectancy (Janm Ke Samay) | 82.7 years |
Luxembourg apne area aur aabaadee ke maamale mein 600,000 se kam logon ke saath duniya ke sabase chhote deshon mein se ek hai. 55.5 Billion dolar kee GDP ke saath Luxembourg kee GNI prati vyakti $65,101 mein duniya mein sabase jyaada hai.
Luxembourg kee tulana mein koee bhee desh niryaat par adhik nirbhar nahin hai. Niryaat kee gaee vastuon aur sevaon ka kul mooly desh ke sakal ghareloo utpaad (GDP) ke dogune se adhik ke baraabar hai, duniya mein ekamaatr sthaan jahaan yah maamala hai. Desh ke adhikaansh niryaat machinery, loha aur plastic hain.
Yah desh Europe ke dil mein sthit hai aur Luxembourg ke pas apne naagarikon, aur apane paryatakon ko dene ke lie bahut kuchh hai. Luxembourg apane logon ko behatar aavaas, svaasthy seva aur shiksha dene ke lie apane dhan ka ek bada hissa istemaal karata hai, jo ab tak Eurozonemein rahane ke uchchatam star ka aanand lete hain. Phir bhee, jabaki vaishvik vitteey sankat aur European Union aur OECD, donon se banking gopaneeyata ko kam karane ke dabaav ne arthavyavastha par bahut kam prabhaav daala hai, Coronavirus prakop ne kaee vyavasaayon ko band karane aur shramikon ko apanee naukaree khone ke lie majaboor kiya. Desh ne 2015 mein prati vyakti sakal ghareloo utpaad (GDP) mein $100,000 ka sheersh sthaan haasil kiya aur kabhee bhee peechhe nahin dekha. Yahaan tak ki Coronavirus mahaamaaree se bhi iske badalane kee sambhaavana nahin hai.
2. Macao
| GNI per capita | $95,304 |
| 2017 GDP | $65.3 billion (98th out of 196 countries) |
| Aabaadee | 0.6 million |
| Life Expectancy (Janm Ke Samay) | 84.0 Years |
Macao, China ka ek aur vishesh prashaasanik kshetr hai, jisaka arth hai ki yah pooree tarah se svaayatt nahin hai, kyonki China iss desh ke videshee maamalon aur raksha ko sambhaalata hai. 2001 se shuroo hone vaale apane sthaaneey casino udyog mein videshee pratispardha kee anumati dene ke baad, Macao duniya ke sheersh gaming gantavyon mein se ek ban gaya hai, aur is kshetr ne is apekshaakrt chhote kshetr kee arthavyavastha mein arabon dollar ka nivesh kiya hai. Macao ke $95,000 kee tulana mein keval ek raashtr mein prati vyakti uchch GNI hai.
Macao kee arthavyavastha Duniya Ke Top 10 Sabse Amir Desh ki tulna mein tejee se badh rahee hai. Vishesh prashaasanik kshetr kee arthavyavastha 2017 mein 9.1% badhee, jo duniya bhar mein GDP kee vrddhi dar ka lagabhag tiguna hai.
Asia kee juye ki rajdhani (gambling capital) ko lekar kaee log yah shart laga rahe hain ki bahut jald hee Macao duniya ke sabase amir desh ki rainking mein pahale paayadaan par chadh jaega. Poorvi Portugali saamraajy kee ek colony, 2001 mein gaming udyog ke udaareekaran ke baad se People’s Republic of China ke is vishesh prashaasanik kshetr ne apane dhan ko aashcharyajanak gati se badhata dekha hai. 600,000 se adhik kee aabaadee ke saath, aur 40 se adhik casino jo ki lagabhag 30 varg kilometer ke kshetr mein phaile hue hain. Macao Hong Kong ke dakshin mein sthith, shaabdik roop se ek paisa banaane vaalee machine se kam nahi hai.
1. Qatar
| GNI per capita | $116,799 |
| 2017 GDP | $308.6 billion (51st out of 196 countries) |
| Aabaadee | 2.6 million |
| Life Expectancy (Janm Ke Samay) | 78.3 years |
Qatar, ab tak duniya ka sabase amir desh hai, jahaan prati vyakti GNI $116,799 hai, jo Duniya Ke Top 10 Sabse Amir Desh ki list me maujood kisee bhee anya raashtr kee tulana mein 20,000 dollar adhik hai.
Vaishvik tel aapoorti mein Qatar ka yogadaan 13% hai. Yah praakrtik sansaadhan desh mein har saal dasiyon arabon dollar laata hai jisamen 3 million se kam nivaasee hain. Tel raajasv desh mein sarakaaree sevaon ko subsidy dene mein madad karata hai. Qatar ke niryaat mein petroleum ka lagabhag 87% hissa hai.
2014 mein hydrocarbon kee keematon mein giraavat shuroo hone ke karan ek Qatari naagarik ne tbse lakr ab tak $15,000 khoyen hai. Lekin, Apanee majaboot arthavyavastha kee badaulat, Qatar kee berojagaaree dar duniya mein sabase kam (0.2%) hai. Desh ka tel, gas aur petrochemical bhandaar itana bada hai, aur isakee aabaadee itanee chhotee hai. Qatar aadhunik architecture, luxury shopping malls, aur badhiya vyanjanon ka chamatkaar hai, jo Duniya Ke Top 10 Sabse Amir Desh ki list mein 20 varshon se pahale number par hai.
Srot: World Bank | 24/7 Wall St.
Top 10 Sabse Amir Desh Ki List Kuch Iss Prakaar Hai
| Ranking | Country | Continent |
| #1 | Qatar | Asia |
| #2 | Macao | Asia |
| #3 | Luxembourg | Europe |
| #4 | Singapore | Asia |
| #5 | Brunei | Asia |
| #6 | Ireland | Europe |
| #7 | Norway | Europe |
| #8 | United Arab Emirates | Asia |
| #9 | Kuwait | Asia |
| #10 | Switzerland | Europe |
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